How Long Should A College Essay Be?

How Long Should A College Essay Be? Your essay should help to give better, deeper insight into you as a person. As the post mentions, your essay should supplement the other parts of your application to help us understand you better. As an example, Hammond Davis distributed an essay written by a 2017 Wheaton High graduate now at Rice University. In it, Anene “Daniel” Uwanamodo likened himself to a trampoline â€" a student leader who helps serve as a launchpad for others. “Regardless of race, gender or background, trampolines will offer their uplifting influence to any who request it,” he wrote. He said the industry is growing because of a cycle rooted in anxiety. As the volume of applications grows, now topping 40,000 a year at Stanford and 100,000 at the University of California at Los Angeles, admission rates fall. If a student does not meet our desired GPA and test score levels we may place them in a hold decision status. Tuition and fees at each institution within the State University System of Florida are set by the Florida Legislature upon recommendation by the State Board of Governors. Enrolled students are charged tuition and fees based on their residency classification as either Florida resident or non-Florida resident. Those classified as Florida residents pay less in fees per credit hour than do those classified as non-Florida residents. Applicants with a GED must submit official GED test scores. They must also have at least a SAT total of 1070 or an ACT composite score of 21. The sub-scores of each test must be above the minimum admission requirements. That said, you don’t have to include anything about yourself that you don’t feel comfortable sharing. Feel free to be funny or creative â€" but don’t overreach. If your friends tell you that you’re the funniest person in the class, use that skill to your advantage. That, in turn, fuels worries of prospective applicants from around the world. It’s always wise to have someone else read your draft before you submit your essay. You’ll be much more relieved knowing you submitted your very best work. Don’t repeat what you’ve already supplied in your applicationâ€"grades, test scores, etc. Your essay serves to fill in the blanks beyond what you have supplied. First of all, make sure you fully understand and are correctly using any fancy SAT words you throw into your essays. Second, remember that a complicated vocabulary won’t necessarily make for a better essay. Too many long smart-sounding words will make an essay look clunky (and like you’re trying too hard). Sometimes simplicity is best and makes for a more powerful essay. Current FGCU students, classified as non-Florida residents, who seek reclassification must contact the Office of the Registrar. You must provide evidence of high school graduation or in the process of graduating from high school or completing GED certificate. Clubs and organizations are a great way for students to make new friends and get involved. The Center for Academic Achievement provides programs and services to help students achieve their academic goals. This will give the student additional time to submit higher test scores or other information as described in our communication to them. Meeting minimum admission requirements does not guarantee admission. Admissions decisions are selective and competitive. Tell them how every subject you cover is a new adventure, and how learning has opened up a whole new world for you. You need to write a very large essay and fill it with every point that you can. Then you need to take it and trim it down to a massive extent. You need to pick through every sentence and paragraph and trim it down so that only the perfect parts remain. “I never saw a phenomenal essay suddenly make up for everything” Heaton agreed. Parking permits are required for all students who bring a vehicle to campus and may be obtained from FGCU Parking Services.

Mary White Ovington Biography Founding the NAACP

Mary White Ovington (April 11, 1865 - July 15, 1951), a settlement house worker and writer, is remembered for the 1909 call that led to the founding of the NAACP, and for being a trusted colleague and friend of W.E.B. Du Bois. She was a board member and officer of the NAACP over 40 years. Early Commitments to Racial Justice Mary White Ovingtons parents had been abolitionists; her grandmother had been a friend of William Lloyd Garrison. She also heard about racial justice from the familys minister, Reverend John White Chadwick of the Second Unitarian Church in Brooklyn Heights, New York. As did a growing number of young women of the time, especially in social reform circles, Mary White Ovington chose education and career over either marriage or becoming her parents caretaker. She attended a girls school and then Radcliffe College. At Radcliffe (then called the Harvard Annex), Ovington was influenced by the ideas of socialist economics professor William J. Ashley. Settlement House Beginnings Her familys financial problems forced her withdrawal from Radcliffe College in 1893, and she went to work for the Pratt Institute in Brooklyn. She helped the Institute found a settlement house, called Greenpoint Settlement, where she worked for seven years. Ovington credits a speech she heard at Greenpoint Settlement by Booker T. Washington in 1903 with her subsequent focus on racial equality. In 1904 Ovington undertook an extensive study of the economic situation for African Americans in New York, published in 1911. In this, she pointed to white prejudice as the source of discrimination and segregation, which in turn led to a lack of equal opportunity. On a trip to the South, Ovington met W.E.B. Du Bois, and began a long correspondence and friendship with him. Mary White Ovington then cofounded another settlement house, the Lincoln Settlement in Brooklyn. She supported this center for many years as a fundraiser and board president. In 1908, a meeting in a restaurant in New York of the Cosmopolitan Club, an interracial group, caused a media storm and vicious criticism of Ovington for hosting a miscegenation dinner. Call to Create an Organization In 1908, after terrible race riots in Springfield, Illinois -- especially shocking to many because this seemed to signal a transfer of race war to the North -- Mary White Ovington read an article by William English Walling which asked, Yet who realizes the seriousness of the situation, and what large and powerful body of citizens is ready to come to their aid? In a meeting between Walling, Dr. Henry Moskowitz, and Ovington, they decided to issue a call for a meeting on February 12, 1909, on Lincolns birthday, to address what large and powerful body of citizens might be created. They recruited others to sign a call to the conference; among the sixty signers were W.E.B. Du Bois and other black leaders, but also a number of black and white women, many recruited through Ovingtons connections: Ida B. Wells-Barnett, the anti-lynching activist; Jane Addams, settlement house founder; Harriot Stanton Blatch, activist daughter of feminist Elizabeth Cady Stanton; Florence Kelley of the National Consumers League; Anna Garlin Spencer, professor in what became Columbia Universitys school of social work and a pioneer woman minister; and more. The National Negro Conference met as suggested in 1909, and again in 1910. At this second meeting, the group agreed to form a more permanent organization, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. Ovington and Du Bois Mary White Ovington is generally credited with bringing W.E.B. Du Bois into the NAACP as its director and Ovington remained a friend and trusted colleague to W.E.B. Du Bois, often helping mediate between him and others. He left the NAACP in the 1930s to advocate separate black organizations; Ovington remained within the NAACP and worked to keep it an integrated organization. Ovington served on the Executive Board of the NAACP from its founding until she retired for health reasons in 1947. She served in a variety of other positions, including as Director of Branches, and, from 1919 to 1932, as chair of the board, and 1932 to 1947, as treasurer. She also wrote and helped publish the Crisis, the NAACP publication that supported racial equality and also became a key supporter of the Harlem Renaissance. Beyond the NAACP and Race Ovington was also active in the National Consumers League and in activities to eliminate child labor. As a supporter of the womens suffrage movement, she worked for the inclusion of African American women in the movements organizations. She was also a member of the Socialist Party. Retirement and Death In 1947, Mary White Ovingtons ill health led her to retire from activities and move to Massachusetts to live with a sister; she died there in 1951. Mary White Ovington Facts Background, Family Father: Theodore Tweedy OvingtonMother: Ann Louisa Ketcham Education Packer Collegiate InstituteRadcliffe College (then called Harvard Annex) Organizations:  NAACP, Urban League, Greenpoint Settlement, Lincoln Settlement, Socialist Party Religion:  Unitarian Also known as:  Mary W. Ovington, M. W. Ovington Bibliography Mary White Ovington.  Half a Man: The Status of the Negro in New York, 1911 (study in 1904).___.  Hazel, childrens book, 1913.___. How the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People Began (pamphlet), 1914.___.  Portraits in Color, 1927.___.  The Walls Came Tumbling Down, 1947.___.  The awakening; a play.___.  Phillis Wheatley, a play, 1932.___. Ralph E. Luker, editor.  Black and White Sat Down Together: The Reminiscences of an NAACP Founder, 1995.Carolyn Wedin.  Inheritors of the Spirit: Mary White Ovington and the Founding of the NAACP, 1997.

Stereotypes And Stereotypes Of Gay Men Essay - 1181 Words

There are many stereotypes and false depictions that gravitate amongst different ethnicities, genders, and sexualities in television and film. We are all affected by this in positive and negative ways, there is no hiding from it. Although, what is one to do if they are constantly ridiculed because of who or what they are based on their own sexuality? Gay men are often seen in television shows and films as flamboyant and lesbian women are often seen to be this type of masculine-type female try to evolve herself as a man. These depictions can be true for some gay men and lesbian females, but certainly not all within the lesbian and gay communities. When a man identifies as gay, he is identifying himself and to others that he is attracted to males and because of this, it should not allow people to assume he is a flamboyant individual based on his sexual preference. When a woman identifies as a lesbian it should only change the fact that she has a preference for women, not her appearance . Where have these influences come from and how do they affect the gay community? Mainly focusing on gay males. We will explore television shows and films that reflect positive and negative representations of the lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transsexual community, the influences that caused these certain stereotypes and the effects of these stereotypes to the community itself. We can easily identify how family values, religion, and society influences external homophobia. Since these certain ethicsShow MoreRelatedHow Does Drag Affect Stereotypes About Gay Men And The Adventures Of Priscilla Queen Of The Desert1150 Words   |  5 Pagesemerged in the late 1900s, others claim that modern drag actually emerged following the Stonewall Riots. (Taylor and Rupp 2003). There is ample literature on drag queens and/or their performances. Many authors write about how drag reinforces stereotypes about gay men, how it can be misogynistic, and how it reifies the masculine/feminine, male/female, hetero/homosexual dichotomies. In contrast, some scholars assert that drag performances can break down dichotomies associated with gender, sex, and sexualityRead MoreThe Gay Of Being A Gay1321 Words   |  6 Pages Being Gay in America Being a gay person in America is not nearly as difficult as it once once. There was a time at one point where homosexuality in the US was treated as taboo as many other social subjects such as criminality. However, times, beliefs, and perspectives have changed in the general populous. In 1996, only 27% of Americans polled by Gallop showed a positive stance on gay marriage, and homosexuality in general. By May of 2015, this percentage was nearly reverse, with only 37% of theRead MoreCommon Stereotypes and Their Impact954 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Introduction A stereotype is in basic terms the generalization of certain groups of people based on either widely-held assumptions or characteristics/behaviors of small samples of the said groups. In this text, I identify three stereotypes I encounter in my daily life and the effect such stereotypes have on other people. The arguments that could be used to either support or discredit the said stereotypes will also be highlighted. Stereotypes Common Stereotypes and their Impact We all encounterRead MoreQueer As Folk : Over The Extent Of The United States848 Words   |  4 Pagesthe fight for equality for LGBTQI — that is, lesbian, gays, bisexual, transgender, questioning, and inter-sexual. The LGBTQ started its uprise in the ‘50s as homosexuals started to become more well known — not necessarily accepted, however — among society. The LGBTQI community has quickly progressed since the ‘50s and ‘60s, bringing along with it many social changes, transgressions, feelings of hate, misconceptions, and a plethora of stereotypes — changing society’s views on sex, marriage, love, andRead MoreHow Heteronormativity And Media Stereotypes On Queer People Express Their Sexualities1655 Words   |  7 PagesRunning head: HOW HETERONORMATIVITY AND MEDIA STEREOTYPES IN SOCIETY INFLUENCES HOW QUEER PEOPLE EXPRESS THEIR SEXUALITIES How heteronormativity and media stereotypes influences how queer people express their sexualities Vanessa Gomes Ryerson University â€Å"Who is the man in the relationship?† â€Å"Who tops or bottoms?† These questions have become a fundamental part in queer people’s lives. Why do non queer people need for queer people and their relationships to imitate heternormativeRead MoreStereotypes And Stereotypes Of The Media1734 Words   |  7 Pagesdifficult to find different opinions as well as stereotypes. 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This show explores a huge unconventional family through a gay couple, made up of Mitchell and Cameron, and their adopted daughter Lily; a straight couple comprised of Phil and Clare, and their three children, Luke, Alex and Hayley; and a multicultural family which is comprised of Jay and his much younger wifeRead MoreGay Marriage Is an Illustration of the Society Diversifying and Negative Stereotypes Becoming Irrelevant1186 Words   |  5 PagesGAY MARRIAGE IS AN ILLUSTRATION OF SOCIETY DIVERSIFYING AND NEGATIVE STEREOTYPES BECOMING IRRELEVANT This essay attempts to analyze the idea of gay marriage and how this type of union can be seen or not as an illustration of social diversity, which can tend to the elimination of negative stereotypes to a point that they become irrelevant. 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Before their debut onto te levision, however, there were a number of stereotypes going around on mass media and the world and much of it were derogatory terms or anti-gay jokes. In 1970, television began to partake in the stereotypes of homosexuals, but specifically towards gay men (Hart, 4). However, these stereotypes do not hold true for all homosexuals and as times move forward towards

Essay on John Steinbeck and Upton Sinclair a Comparison

John Steinbeck and Upton Sinclair: A Comparison â€Å"The Grapes of Wrath†, written by John Steinbeck and â€Å"The Jungle†, written by Upton Sinclair are two books that have and will forever be impactful on American history and literature. They are both considered very powerful novels. Although these books seem very different, they are much more similar than they seem. Steinbeck tells the story of a family making their way to California amidst the Great Depression and era of the Dust Bowl, while Sinclair tells the story of immigrants working in the horrifying conditions of meat pack factories in Chicago in the early 1900s. Steinbeck criticized the commercialism of farming in America and Sinclair takes a satirical approach to the flaws and†¦show more content†¦It seems as though Steinbeck takes almost a poetic approach in his use of imagery throughout the novel. The words flow together very nicely and almost lyrically. Steinbeck sets up each image in a way that allows the readers to associate and relate with the story or characters. Just as Sinclair does, Steinbeck gives readers a firsthand look at the trials and tribulations experienced during the era of the Great Depression. Readers can step into the story or the world of the characters so to speak. Symbolism is also quite prevalent throughout both Steinbeck’s and Sinclair’s novel. Symbolism is used in representation of something else, such as a theme or idea. Steinbeck describes a turtle crossing the road very deeply and very detail. The turtle gets flipped over on his back, but gets back up. This could be representative of the Joad family. Despite any setbacks, they continue on just as the turtle does and eventually makes it across the road. The truck that the Joads use to travel to California is very old and experiences many problems and malfunctions. This could also represent the Joad family and the fact that they persevere to make it to better life. Sinclair uses meta phors to describe capitalism. He uses the idea of capitalism as being represented by a huge machine and all the poor workers, such as those working in the disgusting conditions ofShow MoreRelatedEnglish All Semester 26504 Words   |  27 Pagesin the same bed until her death. * * 5.04Upton Sinclair Respond to the following in complete, well-developed sentences. 1. Upton Sinclair was called a muckraker. How did Sinclair muckrake for social reform? Upton Sinclair â€Å"muckrake† for social reform, by reporting the horrible conditions women, men, and children were working in, he dedicated himself to uncovering the ill conditions of the meat industries. 2. Sinclair was convinced .... through art one could cause change.

Network Upgrading for Cookie Co for Cabling Plan- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theNetwork Upgrading for Cookie Co for Cabling Plan. Answer: Introduction Network upgrades are done for certain reasons like improving the performance, security features as well as the reliability of the existing network. It is becoming an essential need for the organizations for the purpose of future growth and development. Cookie Co. is a well known chain store that sells cookies in the country. It carries online as well as offline retail services. Certain problems like slow network connectivity and voice calls that are unreliable and distorted have made them realize that it is required to upgrade the network. This report focuses on recommending an appropriate and suitable network infrastructure for the purpose of overcoming the challenges of the existing network of Cookie Co. It gives a clear overview about the LAN types, network convergence as well as the transmission media that will help Cookie Co. to grow in the future. It talks about the storage solution and data processing model that will be suitable for Cookie Co. It also suggests four network services that will help to improve the productivity of the company. Discussion Network Infrastructure Network Convergence The network convergence infrastructure will include certain components like storage devices, servers and networking equipments. Cookie Co. can integrate the services like internet, telecommunication as well as broadcasting services. It will help the organization to carry out the business operations in an effective manner. The head office will be responsible for managing the network needs that are core to the company. The head office will contain the main server of the organization. The main switch of the organization will be connected to the server. This will lead to the formation of a bridge among several devices. The switch generally contains 1X8 ports that will have 1X24 connections. One port switch can pass over a firewall to connect to the routers for Internet access. Some other port that will comply with IEEE 802.11n standard can be used for the purpose of wireless connections. The LAN connection present in the office can be connected to some other port for facilitating the int ernet access by all the computer devices. LAN Type and Cabling Plan Cookie Co. can use Ethernet cables for the purpose of LAN connection. Ethernet cables have huge similarity with the telephone cables but it has more wires unlike telephone cables. Ethernet cabling will enable the devices in the local area network or LAN to connect with one another (Stephens et al. 2012). The main business components like routers, computer devices as well as switches can be connected in an effective manner by the Ethernet cables. The Ethernet card is present on the motherboard of the computer and this can be used for accessing the Ethernet ports. Ethernet cables have several benefits like it is resistant towards electrical interferences and it helps in improving the performance of the business activities. Cookie Co. can use Gigabit Ethernet for the purpose of meeting the requirements of the enterprise networks. Gigabit Ethernet will enhance the performance of the network. Official documents and files can be sent over the network with full ease by using the Gigabit Ethernet switch. Ethernet switch will also help the company to effectively access applications that are critical in nature (Rizzo and Lettieri 2012). The productivity and efficiency of the head office and branches will increase. The organization will be able to run many applications at the same time. The Gigabit Ethernet switch has the capability to grow by utilizing the investment done in the technology. This in turn will help the business to grow and develop. WAN Connection WAN is said to connect various LANs. A companys WAN will connect the head office and branch offices. A router can be used for connecting the WAN with the various LANs. WAN will enable Cookie Co. to share important files across the several branches The company will not have to install same firewall, application server in different locations. ADSL can be deployed by the company for delivering high bandwidth. VDSL can also be deployed as it offers high bandwidth in all direction. Cookie Co. can deploy ISDN for transmitting data, voice, video and various network services over PSTN (Bocker 2012). This company can utilize dial-up Internet access. This will offer a cost effective solution to the company. Cookie Co. will be able to improve its productivity and effectiveness by adopting WAN connection. Transmission Media Cookie Co. will get maximum benefit by using optical fibers. Optical fibers transfer information by using light pulses. The single mode optical can be used in long distance and multimode fibers can be used in case of short distance (Miller 2012). Optical fibers are resistant to any type of electromagnetic interferences because light signals are transmitted here instead of current signals. Electromagnetic energy is not radiated by fiber optics and therefore it is not possible to intercept the emissions. Hence the data security of Cookie Co. will increase by using optical fibers (Barnoski 2012). Fiber optics has the capability to send high bandwidth signal across long distances. The ease of installation of this transmission media will allow the company to save time and cost. DNS and IP Management There are tools that can be used for managing the networks. These tools will play an effective role in managing the IP and DNS. Address management tools play a significant role in managing the MAC address, IP addresses and DNS. In order to monitor the networks OptUtils software can be installed. It is also effective in managing DNS. This software can play a significant role in reviewing network status, host name and lookups for IP addresses that are specific in nature. Network Services Cookie Co. can deploy the following network services: VoIP: This can be used for creating a connection between business and telecommunication networks. This will enable the business to enhance its performance and at the same time consume low power (Jelassi et al. 2012). It will grow the productivity level by facilitating easy communication between branch offices and the head office of the company (Sinnreich and Johnston 2012). Undistorted voice calls will increase customer satisfaction level. Intranet: This will provide a private network to Cookie Co. It will facilitate better internal communication that will help in improving the productivity of the company (Neill and Richard 2012). This network will not be open to the public network. Customer service will improve as the staffs will be able to access correct information regarding the clients. Extranet: Cookie Co. will be able to extend the private network or intranet to specific authorized suppliers and clients (Rekhter et al. 2016). This network service will facilitate Cookie Co. to collaborate its head office as well as the office branches. Customers will be able to get information about the company and this will increase customer loyalty. Email: This network service will facilitate effective official communication. It will save time of the employees by giving the facility of sending automatic mails (Fariborzi and Zahedifard 2012). Daily operations can be sorted out in an effective manner and this will improve the operational efficiency of the company. Data Processing Facilities Data Storage Cookie Co. can utilize cloud services for the purpose of storing sensitive information of the company. Cloud services will help the company to utilize resources without owning them. The cloud storage services will facilitate the company to manage as well as store information from a different location. The company will not have to utilize own storage space. The employees of the company will be able to access important files and documents by using Internet connection. The operating cost of the business will be saved by adopting cloud storage facilities. The collaboration of the branch offices along with the head office will become effective (Jadeja and Modi 2012). The work environment will become more efficient and flexible than it was before. Cloud will provide on-demand service to Cookie Co. and this will help the company to save cost which can be utilized in other aspects of the business. The employees will not have to waste their time on managing the internal storage issues. The th ird party vendors will handle these kinds of issues. Another storage solution can be adopting distributed database which will help to sync and integrate all information in a logical way (Kuhlenkamp, Klems and Rss 2014). This will help to improve the productivity and operations of Cookie Co. Data Processing Cookie Co. can use P2P model where the computer devices and the central database system or servers will be connected via LANs. Multiple peer models enable the computers to connect with one another by using the servers. Cookie Co. will be able to cut down its expenses as all time administration will not be required. The company will be able to improve its operational efficiency and customer services by adopting P2P model of data processing. Conclusion and Recommendations This report concluded that the Cookie Co. will be able to improve its productivity and operational efficiency by deploying an appropriate network infrastructure. It suggested that Ethernet cabling will be effective in case of LAN connections and VPN will be effective in case of WAN connections. This report recommended that VoIP will be effective in case of collaboration between branch offices and the head office of Cookie Co. Intranet, email as well as extranet services were said to be advantageous in improving the operational efficiency of the business. According to this report, Cookie Co. will be able to save cost and improve the customer service level by adopting cloud services. This report concluded that P2P model will be appropriate for Cookie Co and optical fibers will promote secure communication in the network. References Barnoski, M. ed., 2012.Fundamentals of optical fiber communications. Elsevier. Bocker, P., 2012.ISDN The Integrated Services Digital Network: Concept, Methods, Systems. Springer Science Business Media. Fariborzi, E. and Zahedifard, M., 2012. E-mail Marketing: Advantages, Disadvantages andImproving Techniques.International Journal of e-Education, e-Business, e-Management and e-Learning,2(3), p.232. Jadeja, Y. and Modi, K., 2012, March. Cloud computing-concepts, architecture and challenges. InComputing, Electronics and Electrical Technologies (ICCEET), 2012 International Conference on(pp. 877-880). IEEE. Jelassi, S., Rubino, G., Melvin, H., Youssef, H. and Pujolle, G., 2012. Quality of experience of VoIP service: A survey of assessment approaches and open issues.IEEE Communications surveys tutorials,14(2), pp.491-513. Kuhlenkamp, J., Klems, M. and Rss, O., 2014. Benchmarking scalability and elasticity of distributed database systems.Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment,7(12), pp.1219-1230. Miller, S. ed., 2012.Optical fiber telecommunications. Elsevier. Neill, W.D. and Richard, J.E., 2012. Intranet portals: marketing and managing individuals acceptance and use.Australasian Marketing Journal (AMJ),20(2), pp.147-157. Rekhter, Y., Rosen, E., Aggarwal, R., Cai, Y. and Morin, T., 2016.Extranet Multicast in BGP/IP MPLS VPNs(No. RFC 7900). Rizzo, L. and Lettieri, G., 2012, December. Vale, a switched ethernet for virtual machines. InProceedings of the 8th international conference on Emerging networking experiments and technologies(pp. 61-72). ACM. Sinnreich, H. and Johnston, A.B., 2012.Internet communications using SIP: Delivering VoIP and multimedia services with Session Initiation Protocol(Vol. 27). John Wiley Sons. Stephens, B., Cox, A., Felter, W., Dixon, C. and Carter, J., 2012, December. PAST: Scalable Ethernet for data centers. InProceedings of the 8th international conference on Emerging networking experiments and technologies(pp. 49-60). ACM.

How should we live

Introduction As a consequence of global warming and human activity, some countries across the world are likely to encounter high river water levels in the nearest future. There also going to be increased levels of river degradation and in the present day, river degradation is a significant issue of natural resource management that is facing such a country as Australia (Brierley, et al, 2002).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on How should we live? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In relation to the issue of high river water levels, Samuels et al (2006) point out that, rather than fighting and engaging in the control of flood hazards â€Å"with ever higher dikes, new management styles focus on understanding and managing flood risk† (Samuels, 2006, p.142). Taking the case of the Netherlands, for instance, there is embodying of this policy approach by a national policy referred to as â€Å"Room for River† (De Groot, 2010). The objective of this national policy is to ensure creation of additional space for water storage and this is carried out by engaging in relocating dikes â€Å"land inwards or constructing side channels† (De Groot, 2010, p.89). In an effort to ensure combining of a bigger discharge capacity with other functions, in most cases, go together with recreation, nature conservation and river restoration (Van Stokkom, 2005). There has been well documentation of public support for â€Å"Room for River† policies and this support is found out to be high. To this overall finding, it has been pointed out that public support to specific â€Å"Room for River† measures may not be higher, like in the case when these involve removing trees (De Groot de Groot, 2009). The special interest in this paper is to gain insight into the factors which may give an explanation to the level of people in adhering to â€Å"Room for River policy†. The question that com es is; does the adherence that people have correlate with their general ethics on nature, with the way they utilize the river, their good judgment of place, with their age, or with no any of these? Within this scope of factors, the special interest in the paper will lie in people’s ethics with nature. Is what people believe about the suitable relationship between humans and nature give a reflection in the opinions they have on more solid policies such as Room for River?Advertising Looking for report on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In this paper, there is going to be an assessment of where levels of adherence to river management styles resonate with public environmental ethics and the paper will reflect on the Australian situation. Human/Nature relationships and river meanings The human/nature relationship images are a portion of wider â€Å"visions of nature† concepts as given descriptio n to by Van den Born et al (2001). These researchers give a distinction between three components. The first component is images of nature, the second is nature values and the third is images of relationship. All these components give a reflection of the issues which are subject to debate that has been held by the environmental ethicists. Therefore, as Van de Born (2008) point out, the empirical study about the visions of nature that the lay people have can be referred to as empirical philosophy. A large number of philosophers call these â€Å"basic attitudes† (Zweers, 2000) or â€Å"world views† (Norton, 1991).Such views do not essentially need to be a well developed philosophy, they can as well be several assumptions that â€Å"the respondents hardly ever recognize or think about† (Norton, 1991, p.20). The human/nature relationship images are formed on the basis of the philosophical categorization in to the â€Å"Mastery over nature, Stewardship of nature, par tnership with nature and Participation in nature† (De Groot, 2010, p.91). Considering â€Å"Mastery over nature†, people stand above nature and they may utilize in the way they like, unfettered by ethical chains. Looking at â€Å"Stewardship of nature†, people are charged with the responsibility to care for nature towards the generations to come or God. Even if this image â€Å"is less anthropocentric, Stewardship resembles the Master in the positioning of human beings above nature† (De Groot, 2010, p.91). Looking at â€Å"Partnership with nature’, this is considered as a metaphor for a relationship that is equal between nature and the human beings; they operate jointly in a dynamic process of mutual development. It is pointed out that â€Å"in the most ecopocentric image, Participation in nature, human beings are part of nature in the sense that the connectedness with nature gives meaning to the Participant’s life† (De Groot, 2010, p .91).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on How should we live? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The studies that were previously conducted on â€Å"Visions of Nature† were based on open ended as well as structured interviews and the Human Nature Scale indicates that the Dutch do discard â€Å"Mastery over Nature† and accept â€Å"Stewardship over Nature† (De Groot, 2010, p.91). However, this Stewardship becomes a different variant from the traditional variant; rather than putting human beings above nature; the respondents engage in adhering to a Steward that is a portion of nature. They seem to undertake combination of â€Å"Participation with Stewardship† (De Groot, 2010, p.91). It is pointed out that even if the interviews conducted in Canada by De Groot and Van de Born (2003) made confirmation of such findings, still much has not been known regarding the images people have of relations hip in the rest of the Western World (De Groot, 2010). When looking for other studies in this field of empirical work presented by some environmental ethicists, you find such studies conducted by people like Norton (1991), Minteer and Mannings (1999) and Berghofer et al (2008) and all of them indicate that basically â€Å"Nature-friendly ethics prevail among the Western population† (De Groot, 2010, p.91). The most well-known is the â€Å"New Ecological Paradigm (NEP) presented which undertakes the measurement of the ecological worldviews (De Groot de Groot, 2009). Even if the extensive utilization of this scale has offered much insight in to the ecological beliefs across the world, this scale basically draws out levels of anthropocentricism, â€Å"ranging from Mastery to Stewardship† (De Groot, 2010, p.91). The respondents can just engage in agreeing or disagreeing to this representation that is not wide of environmental ethics with no whichever differentiation in th e ecocentric alternatives. This is quite a big deficit when putting into consideration the ecocentric ethics as drawn out in earlier Human Nature studies and the â€Å"generally high scores on intrinsic value statements† (De Groot, 2010, p.91). The other scale is the â€Å"Connectedness to Nature Scale† presented by Mayer and Frantz (2004). The focus of this scale is more on ecocentric end of the spectrum. Even if their statements match with the experiences and affections in nature to a large extent which makes up a central theme in the ecocentric relationships, this scale is not used in measuring the environmental ethics.Advertising Looking for report on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More A study which takes both ends of the spectrum in to account is the one that was conducted by Thomson and Barton (1994) into ecocentrism and anthropocentrism. These researchers point out that â€Å"to ecocentrics nature has a spiritual dimension and intrinsic value that is reflected in their experiences in nature and feelings about natural settings† (Thomson and Barton, 1994, p.149). They engage in combining images of nature and values to capture a worldview concerning the position of human beings in nature. In such sense, the study conducted by Thompson and Barton (1994) can be considered as the â€Å"forerunner of HaN-scale studies† (De Groot, 2010, p.91). Besides ecocentrism and anthropocentricism, the HaN-scale as well fills in the â€Å"middle ground† between both ends by drawing out â€Å"Stewardship of nature† and â€Å"Partnership with nature† (De Groot, 2010). Other than the images of relationship, there can be expectation of large number o f other factors to undertake prediction and explanation of the adherences to flood risk management. In looking for variables that are supposed to be considered, the interpretative exploration carried out by Davenport and Anderson (2005) became an important base because of the inductive character it has. On the basis of semi-structured interviews, these researchers draw a distinction between four meanings which the members of the community members in Nebraska attribute to the Niobrara River, that is â€Å"a river as sustenance, as nature, as tonic and as identity† (Davenport and Anderson, 2005, p.625). Considering â€Å"River as sustenance†, this ascertains the river as being a source of water that greatly is coveted and scarce and as economic revenue. Considering â€Å"River as a tonic†, this suggests the river as being â€Å"good for mind, body and soul† (De Groot, 2010, p.92). On the other hand, â€Å"River as nature† gives expression of the appr eciation of the respondents for the ecology and ‘river as identity’ ties the river to the sense of people of who they are. In an effort to undertake adaption of these four river meanings to the North Western European situation, â€Å"’river as sustenance’ was dropped because previous interviews suggested that this aspect of the river played a minor role in the personal lives of river residents† (De Groot, 2010, p.92). They rarely lingered over the reliance they have on the river for water supply or over the economic activities that are linked to the river. In connection to the study conducted by Buijs (2009) as well as that conducted by De Groot and De Groot (2009), there was inclusion of questions instead and this was for the reason of its noticeable relatedness to river management. The river meanings presented by Davenport and Anderson are a product of â€Å"Grounded theory† approach which began from â€Å"Sense of Place† theories (D e Groot, 2010). This implies that the meanings â€Å"river as nature† as well as â€Å"river as tonic† do not have a theoretical grounding. In order to undertake expression of the theoretical background in a better way, De Groot (2010) made a decision to give names to meanings basing on the theories that were used; â€Å"Sense of Place†, â€Å"Leisure experiences† and â€Å"Visions of Nature† (De Groot, 2010, p.92). Sense of Place, Leisure experiences and Visions of Nature The measurement of leisure experiences were carried out on the basis of the topology of Elands and Lengkeek (2000). The leisure experiences are considered as â€Å"a confrontation with out-other-ness, a play with what is masked in everyday life† (De Groot, 2010, p.93). Typology can be viewed as a continuum which runs â€Å"from experience in which the difference between out-other-ness and everyday is rather small† to those where the ‘other’ is rather un known and inaccessible† (De Groot, 2010, p.93). Because both river management styles bring about a different landscape and hence different opportunities for particular leisure experiences, there is expectation of this topology to correlate with the adherence to the styles of management. Moreover, the â€Å"Sense of Place† or â€Å"SOP† is a portion of the literature that is fragmented on human beings and spatial settings consisting of other concepts like place meaning, place attachment and place identity. Even if a large number of scholars engaged in studying the attachment to the urban environment, among these, there are those that engage in studying a more rural setting, in an outdoor recreation setting, or a river (De Groot, 2010). The indicators that are utilized in the industry are on the basis of the â€Å"Sense of Place-scale† presented by Jorgensen and Stedman (2001) that gave a definition of the Sense of Place as â€Å"the meaning attached to spa tial setting by a person or group (Jorgensen and Stedman, 2001, p.233). They carry out the measurement of the â€Å"Sense of Place† in three dimensions which are; identity, attachment and dependence. It is important to note that â€Å"sense of Place† overlaps partially with leisure experiences. As on one hand strong attachment to a place is clearly the basis of dedication, on the other hand, the other experiences can be considered as being more â€Å"moderate or very light forms of Sense of Place† (De Groot, 2010, p.93). Basing on the study that was undertaken by Buijs (2009), there is expectation of Sense of Place to correlate in a negative way with the adherences to â€Å"Room for River† and this is for the reason that this measure impacts more â€Å"on the identity of the riverine place† (De Groot, 2010, p.93). In addition, the preceding experience with flooding, â€Å"the likelihood of having one’s house flooded and the safety perceptio n are expected to influence the adherence to flood risk management† (De Groot, 2010, p.93). Making discovery of this correlation directly is easy after the occurrence of a flood; this is for the reason that, in situations like these, reinforcement support of dikes among the affected residents is high in general. However, the studies conducted previously on the subject of risk perceptions of river floods indicate that the risk perception of the public is usually low and mostly in the Netherlands (De Groot, 2010). Management Styles Going towards the interrelationships that exist between the â€Å"public environmental ethics as well as adherences to the management styles, it is realized that there is a correlation between Mastery and dike reinforcement and on the other hand, a correlation exists between Guardianship and the sustainable style. This matches with the hypothesis that is made which give a presumption that the two management styles are formed on the basis of a differe nt ethic. Basing on what is held by the public, a fundamental change occurs within a flood risk management at a time of having a shift from one style to the other style. It is also pointed out that no Prediction is made by image of Participation of any style and on the hand; the image of Partner has a negative correlation with dike reinforcement. This gives room for having another hypothesis that makes a presumption that environmental ethics are not quite significant in carrying out the prediction of the public adherence to policy. It is stated in this hypothesis by Norton (1991) that â€Å"weak anthropocentrists can reach the same policy objective as the ecocentrics† (Norton, 1991, p.20). Basing on theory, more ecocentric river policies are very imaginable. However, it may here have been that the descriptions given to the two management styles â€Å"do not relate readily enough to the wordings of Partnership and Participation items† (De Groot, 2010, p.105). For carryi ng out the interpretation of such conclusions, it is imperative to take into consideration the low explanatory power of the two regression analyses. In addition, the ethics of the public are among the several variable that carry out the prediction of the adherence to each style of river management; like â€Å"recreation experiences, the place of the residence and the age of the respondents† (De Groot, 2010, p.105). Considering the case of Australia, river degradation is a significant issue of natural resource management that is currently facing Australia. For instance, it was found out that about eighty five percent of the river length that was assessed by the â€Å"National Land and Water Resources Audit† was affected by catchment disturbance. Moreover, it was found out that more than 50 percent of the rivers that were assessed are affected by the changes to riverine habitat (Brierley, et al, 2002). Under normal circumstances, the work of catchment rehabilitation in t his country has been carried out by the community groups having limited skills as well as resources in regard to priority are identification fro rehabilitation investment The resources for the work of river rehabilitation are limited and there are competing demands for these resources (Brierley, et al, 2002). There is need to have tools in order for them to help in making decisions on which area to undertake application of resources and effort to realize the highest effectiveness in regard to river rehabilitation. The â€Å"River styles† was set up out of a â€Å"Land Water Australia funded project carried out by Macquarie University in response to the need for a framework that linked reliable knowledge of the nature of different river types and biophysical attributes within catchments† (Brierley, et al, 2002, p.91). â€Å"River Styles† offers a biophysical template for river management which is directly suited to â€Å"structure and function of the Australia Rivers† (Brierley, et al, 2002, p.91). It offers a â€Å"baseline geomorphic assessment of river character, behavior and condition, and is based on the premise that effective management strategies must ‘work with nature’† (Brierley, et al, 2002, p.92). Conclusion In conclusion it can be pointed out that; it has been realized that following climate change that has brought about the problem of global warming, the countries in several parts of the world have a likelihood of being faced with extremely high river water levels in the shortest time to come. Moreover, sustainability comes up as a main international policy driver, bringing in different approach to flood defense. It has been found out that, instead of fighting and engaging in the control of flood hazards with ever higher dikes, the focus of the new management styles is put on having knowledge about and managing the risk of posed by floods. In the Netherlands, there has been well documentation of publ ic support for â€Å"Room for River† policies and this support is found out to be high. To this overall finding, it has been pointed out that public support to specific â€Å"Room for River† measures may not be higher, like in the case when these involve removing trees For the reason that the more ecocentric images of the relationship such as Participation and Partnership are as well well-liked among people, the river managers have a concrete basis in attempting to ensure incorporation of more ecocentric values in their long-standing policies and move beyond comparatively incremental and technical room for river policies that prevail at present day. Explorations like these ones are supposed to be carried out in a way which ensures inclusion of the civilians from the very start in order for the parties to jointly engage in learning from one another in a process that is open. It is important for us as individuals in engage in fruitful activities that can help as to effec tively deal with the environmental problems that come up. It is important for us to emulate what others are doing elsewhere to be able to apply it in our own context. The problems of river flooding and river degradation are facing several countries across the world, Australia being among them. Since these problems are predicted to intensify in the near future, it is important that appropriate measures be taken urgently in order to curb the situation. References Berghofer, U., Rozzi, R. Jax, K., 2008, ‘Local versus Global Knowledge: Diverse Perspectives on Nature in the Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve’, Environmental Ethics Vol.30, pp. 273-294. Brierley, G., Fryirs, K., Outhet, D. Massey, C.,2002, Application of the River Styles framework as a basis for river management in New South Wales, Australia. Applied Geography, vo.22,no.1, pp.91–122. Buijs, A. E., 2009. ‘Public support for river restoration. A mixed-method study into local residents support for and fra ming of river management and ecological restoration in the Dutch floodplains’ Journal of Environmental Management, vol. 90, pp.2680-2689. Davenport, A. D. H. Anderson, 2005, ‘Getting from Sense of Place to Place-Based Management; An Interpretive Investigation of Place Meanings and Perceptions of Landscape Change’, Society and Natural Resources, vol. 18, pp.625-641. De Groot, M., 2010, Humans and nature: public visions on their interrelationship, Academic press, New York. De Groot, M. W. T. De Groot, 2009, ‘Room for River’ measures and public visions in the Netherlands: A survey on river perceptions among riverside residents’, Water Resources Research 45. De Groot, W. T. R. J. G. Van den Born, 2003, ‘Visions of Nature and landscape type preferences: an exploration in the Netherlands’ Landscape and Urban planning, Vol. 63, pp. 127-138. Elands, B. J. Lengkeek, 2000, Typical Tourists: Research into the theoretical and methodological f oundations of a typology of tourism and recreation experiences. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden,. Jorgensen, B. S. R. C. Stedman, 2001, ‘Sense of Place as an Attitude: Lakeshore Owners Attitudes toward their Properties’ Journal of Environmental Psychology, vol.2, pp. 233-248. Mayer, F. S. C. Frantz, 2004, ‘The Connectedness to Nature Scale: A measure of individuals’ feeling in community with nature’, Journal of Environmental Psychology, Vol. 24, pp. 503-515. Minteer, B. A. R. E. Manning, 1999, ‘Pragmatism in Environmental Ethics: Democracy, Pluralism, and the Management of Nature’ Environmental Ethics, vol. 21, no.2, pp.191-208. Norton, B. G., 1991, Toward Unity among Environmentalists, Oxford University Press,. Oxford. Samuels, P., F. Klijn J. Dijkman, 2006, ‘An analysis of the current practice of policies on river flood risk management in different countries’, Irrigation and drainage, Vol.5, pp. 141-150. Thompson, S. C. M . A. Barton, 1994, ‘Ecocentric and Anthropocentric Attitudes toward the Environment’, Journal of Environmental Psychology, vol. 14, pp. 149-157. Van den Born, R. J. G., 2008, ‘Rethinking Nature: Visions of Nature of a Dutch public’, Environmental Values, Vol. 17, No.1, pp. 83-110. Van Stokkom, H. T. C., 2005, ‘Flood Defense in The Netherlands. A new Era, a New Approach’, Water International, Vol. 30 no.1, pp. 76-87. Zweers, W., 2000, Participating with nature. Outline for an Ecologization of our Worldview, International books, Utrecht. This report on How should we live? was written and submitted by user Adam D. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. 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Cranberry Morpheme Definition and Examples

Cranberry Morpheme Definition and Examples In morphology, a cranberry morpheme is a  morpheme (that is, a word element, like the cran- of cranberry) that occurs in only one word. Also called a unique morph(eme), blocked morpheme, and leftover morpheme. Similarly, a cranberry word is a word that occurs in only one phrase, such as the word intents in the phrase all intents and purposes. The term cranberry morpheme was coined by American linguist Leonard Bloomfield in Language (1933). These are other closely related and sometimes confused terms with cranberry morpheme: Bound Morpheme and Free MorphemeComplex WordIdiomRoot Compound and Synthetic Compound Examples and Observations The bound morphemes in neo-classical compounds have an identifiable meaning, but there are also morphemes that have no clear meaning. In the word cranberry, the part berry is identifiable, and this makes us interpret the word cranberry as denoting a particular kind of berry. Yet, cran- has no particular meaning. . . . This phenomenon of cranberry morphemes is widespread, and is to be expected since complex words can lexicalize and thus survive, even though one of their constituent morphemes has disappeared from the lexicon. . . .Cranberry morphemes like English cran- . . . thus form a problem for an exclusively meaning-based definition of the notion morpheme.(Geert Booij, The Grammar of Words: An Introduction to Morphology, 2nd ed. Oxford University Press, 2007) Morphemes and Meaning Is it possible for a bound morpheme to be so limited in its distribution that it occurs in just one complex word? The answer is yes. This is almost true, for example, of the morpheme leg- read in legible . . .: at least in everyday vocabulary, it is found in only one other word, namely illegible, the negative counterpart of legible. And it is absolutely true of the morphemes cran-, huckle- and gorm- in cranberry, huckleberry and gormless. . . . A name commonly given to such bound morpheme is cranberry morpheme. Cranberry morphemes are more than just a curiosity, because they reinforce the difficulty of tying morphemes tightly to meaning. . . . (You may have noticed, too, that although blackberries are indeed blackish, strawberries have nothing obvious to do with straw; so, even if straw- in strawberry is not a cranberry morpheme, it does not by itself make any predictable semantic contribution in this word.)(Andrew Carstairs-McCarthy, An Introduction to English Morphology: Words and Their Structure. Edinburgh University Press, 2002) Is Cran- Truly a Cranberry Morpheme? [Peter] Hook reported that cran itself was not a cranberry morpheme: he had seen cranberry harvesting and could vouch for the abundance of cranes as spectator-participants in the process, hence the term cranberry.(Probal Dasgupta, Rephrasing the Question of Complex Predicates in Bangla: A Biaxial Approach. Annual Review of South Asian Languages and Linguistics: 2012, ed. by Rajendra Singh and Shishir Bhattacharja. Walter de Gruyter, 2012) The Once-Over An example [of a cranberry word], from many, is the word once-over. If you give someone or something the once-over you make a quick inspection, with a view to deciding on the merits of the person or whatever it may be. The word once-over clearly makes a semantic contribution to the expressions in which it occurs; its meaning, presumably, is quick inspection. To this extent, give someone/something the once-over is interpreted in accordance with the dictionary meaning of once-over. On the other hand, once-over is not freely available to occupy the N-slot of a noun phrase; the word is virtually restricted to occurring in the cited phrase. (Note, in this connection, the virtually obligatory use of the definite determiner.) The phrase, along with its conventional meaning, has to be learned as such.(John R. Taylor, The Mental Corpus: How Language is Represented in the Mind. Oxford University Press, 2012) More Examples of Cranberry Morphemes (or Bound Roots) The morphemes luke-, cran-, -ept, and -kempt . . . appear only in lukewarm, cranberry, inept, and unkempt. We dont use the term lukecold, nor do we use cran- anywhere other than attacked to berry, and we dont ever say He is an inept writer, but she is very ept, or Her hair looked kempt. So the rules that attach un- to -kempt or luke- to warm are not productive; they derive only these words. We will also define morphemes such as cran-, luke-, -ept, and -kempt as bound roots because they cannot stand alone as free morphemes and because they dont occur as affixes in other English words.(Kristin Denham and Anne Lobeck, Linguistics for Everyone. Wadsworth, 2010)