paganbeo Beowulfs Pagan Traditions :: Epic Beowulf essays

Beowulfs Pagan Traditions         Beowulf, an epic poem written in the late tenth-century, in the landed estate of the West Saxons, steeping with pagan tradition, this epic depicts nature as hostile and forces of death uncontrollable.  Blind fate chooses random victims and people never feel at wild pansy with the world. Also Beowulf ends as a failure to help heal the wounds of his society.   Although there are parts of this statement which can be construed as true, for the most part, it doesnt implement Beowulf the credit he deserves.  For someone whose life was cut short, Beowulf did many great deeds for his time in the world.    The statement illustrates nature as hostile and forces of nature uncontrollable.  This fraction of the statement is contradicted in the beginning, as the setting is being described, ...these beautiful plains marked off by oceans/then proudly setting the sun and woolgather to glow across the land and the light it...(8-9).  This sets the scene as peaceful, soothing and calm.  The corners of the earth were made lovely with trees/and leaves, made quick with life...(11-12).  When you think of oceans and trees, it brings a gumption of reassurance of natures beauty, not its hostility.  Within Beowulf there are obvious places where nature isnt on the peoples side, and many problems arise during this complex tale, but this opening landscape paints a variant picture of the period, which followed me throughout the rest of the poem.    Despite the fact that many innocent people died within the poem, the phrase, blind fate picks random victims can be employ for many instances.  This phrase is even true today many innocent people are random victims of violence within our society.  Fate isnt something that can be argued lightly.  In Grendels introduction he, Snatched up thirty men/smashed them unknowingly in their beds...(37-38) . This can be taken to mean that these men were meant to die that night at the hand of the evil monster Grendel, that it was their fate.  But on the other hand, on line 36 it states, He slipped through the door and there in silence... Which indicates that Grendel didnt try to handpick his victims, but just went for anyone that he could grab.

A Winter Never to be Forgotten - Original Writing :: Papers

A Winter Never to be Forgotten - Original Writing In the terrible winter of 2002 a young man named coiffure Kyle was staying in his parents cabin on the outskirts of Detroit. label fiance Kortney Skelly was to follow him up a a few(prenominal) days later. On the night Kortney was to arrive Mark decided to plan a romantic evening to surprise her. As he began to set up candles around the dining room of the cabin for Kortneys arrival he discovered that there was not enough firewood to last them throughout the night. So he stage on his winter jacket, stepped out into the cold and misty night and gathered firewood from the pile which was kept at the side of the cabin. As Mark was collecting firewood he noticed Kortneys car parked about fifty yards from the cabin. As Mark approached Kortneys car he noticed footprints and what seemed to be dragging marks. Mark began to get precise worried as he started to follow the prints. As Mark followed the str ange tracks into the dark, misty woods even his broad, bulky physique began to fiercely tremble with the concern of what he might discover. His dog Jack ran a few meters in front of him. Mark heard the distinct barking of Jack. Mark immediately ran towards the barking to see what had hard-pressed him. When Mark caught up with Jack he fell to his knees at the horrific sight that lay before him. Kortneys soft complexion and fine facial features stared Mark right in the face. He instantly tried to resuscitate her but unfortunately when he put pressure on her chest blood gushed from her lips onto Marks jacket. He hysterically lifted Kortney and carried her back to the cabin. When he reached the cabin he carried her into the living room and placed her on the floor. Mark then got a chimneypiece from one of the guest rooms and gently wrapped it around her rigid, blood covered corpse.

Code Of Hammurabi Essays -- History Babylon Essays Papers Ethics Soci

Code Of Hammurabi The people of antediluvian Babylon lived their lives not how they wanted to, but by The Code of Hammurabi. The code was the major reflector and shaper in the ancient Babylonian society. If there was something they wanted to do, they had to make sure that it wasnt against the code, because if it was, the consequences were serious, and could mean their life. But without the code, their society would be much more uncivilized and inhumane. Without the code, they wouldnt have been as go on and as knowledgeable as they were.The code of Hammurabi reflected many things about the Babylonian society. It reflects that stealing was a very bad thing to do, in more than cardinal way. For example, if individual stole an ox, a sheep, an ass, a pig, or a ship, they would have to pay thirty times the value of what they had stolen, and if they could not repay, they would be put to death. If someone attempted to break into some other persons house, they would be killed and buried there, and if a man took a slave and made it his, his hands would be cut off. Honesty was another thing that was very important to the Babylonians. If a woman was accused by her husband of sleeping with another man, and she cant prove that she hadnt, she had to throw herself in the river. This also shows that fornication was unacceptable. For example, if a mans wife were caught with another man, the two would be tied together and thrown in the river. Incest was also forbidden in their society. I...

Biomechanics of Running Essay -- essays research papers

Introduction A Qualitative Analysis of RunningIn the 1970s, thousands of people took to the road with a new trend of exercise----running. It was fairly easy just put one foot in front of the other as fast as you can and go as furthest as you can. Feel the burn in your chest? The sweat trickling down your face? The throb in your knees as your foot pounds into the ground with every cadence? Well then, youre exercising Youre running Since then, running has become a dominant factor in sports and fitness a factor so frequent that the number of musculoskeletal injuries due to running has also increased over the last quarter century. These chronic injuries are usually due to overuse, improper facts of life techniques, or a combination of the two. By using the results of other biomechanists studies, one can extrapolate an idea of what running should look like and what muscles are utilize during the activity. Consequently, changes in technique, strength training, and flexibility traini ng can be made in order to decrease the potential for injury.Article SummariesBefore analyzing the mechanics of running, it is all-important(prenominal) to accumulate some of the vast research available for this activity. The following are brief summaries of research articles that study various factors on running.DeVita (1994) noted the gait daily round is measured in two ways swing-stance-swing or stance-swing-stance. In this study, EMG activity of six muscles was obtained from four subjects date walking and running. The data was collected while the subjects performed a consecutive swing, stance, swing period of each gait. From this, the swing-to-stance and stance-to-swing period of each gait could be measured. The EMG results showed greater activation levels for 5/6 muscles during the swing-to-stance period. Results cogitate that the subjects needed to prepare for the initiation of stance and the application of relatively large external forces and momentums. Therefore, when as sessing the human gait, it is best to observe stance-swing-stance. Jacobs, Bobbert, VanIngen, and Schenau (1993) analyzed the function of mono- and biarticular leg muscles during the stretch-shortening regular recurrence of running at 6 m/s. Kinematics, ground reaction forces and EMG activities were recorded for a single stance phase. First of all, estimates of muscle force were fit with origin... ...Reference PageDeVita, P. (1994). The selection of a standard convention for analyzing gait data based on the analysis of relevant biomechanical factors, Journal of Biomechanics (vol 27, no 4) pg. 501-507.Hall, S.J. (1999). elemental Biomechanics (3rd ed), pg. 398-439. McGraw-Hill.Jacobs, R., Bobbert, M.F., vanIngen Schenau, G.J. (1993). Function of mono- and biarticular muscles in running, Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise (vol 25, no 10) pg. 1163-1173.National Strength and Conditioning Association, Baechle, T.R., editor (1994). Essentials of Strength Training and Conditio ning pg. 293-385. military personnel Kinetics New Zealand.Nig, B., DeBoer, R., and Fisher, V. (1995). A kinematic comparison of overground and treadmill running, Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise (vol 27, no 1) pg. 98-105.Northrip, J.W., Logan, G.A., and Wayne, C.M. (1979). Introduction to Biomechanical Analysis of Sports (2nd ed), pg. 45. W. C. Brown Co. Publishers Dubuque, IA.Rasch P.J. and Burke, R.E. (1978). Kinesiology and Applied framing (6th ed) pg. 199-398. Lea & Febiger PhiladelphiaThordarson, D.B. (1997). Running Biomechanics, Clinics in Sports Medicine (vol 16, no 2) pg. 239-247.

Civil Litigation Process For Sexual Harassment Essay example -- Sexual

Civil Litigation Process For Sexual HarassmentPromptYou atomic number 18 in charge of the human resources disagreement of a large software development company. One of your responsibilities is to work with the companys retained law firm on suits against the company by present and former employees. A former employee has just filed suit against the company and one of its supervisors for sexual harassment. The citation has been served upon the authorized agent for the company today. You have also been advised today that you are going to be promoted to senior vice president in charge of software development and that the freshly human resources director has little experience with matters link to civil litigation. You must orient the new director to the mechanics of how a civil lawsuit works its way through the legal system so that she can integrate her activities with that of the law firm in defense of the newly filed suit Prepare a three (3) to five (5) page memo to the new directo r generally describing the litigation process.ToManager, HR departmentFromVice PresidentDate 5/18/14Subject Litigation process for juvenile lawsuit of sexual harassmentOver viewThe following document is a description of sexual harassment litigation process and my proposals to create a manual policy on sexual harassment casefuls.The Stages of Sexual Harassment Litigation1.Beginning of Controversy and Attempts to Resolve Conflict Having an litigation goalThe goal of the case should be determined as early as possible, by the facts, witnesses, forum and client, because it will dictate how you will manage the litigation. For instance, if the forum, facts and client indicate that (1) summary pattern is ... ...uld establish, distribute to all employees, and enforce a policy prohibiting harassment and setting out a appendage for making complaints. In most cases, the policy and procedure should be in writing. Small businesses may be able to discharge their res ponsibility to prevent and correct harassment through less formal means. For example, if a business is sufficiently small that the owner maintains regular contact with all employees, the owner can tell the employees at staff meetings that harassment is prohibited, that employees should report such(prenominal) conduct promptly, and that a complaint can be brought straight to the top. If the business conducts a prompt, thorough, and impartial investigation of any complaint that arises and undertakes swift and appropriate corrective action, it will have fulfilled its responsibility to effectively prevent and correct harassment.

Civil Litigation Process For Sexual Harassment Essay example -- Sexual

Civil Litigation Process For Sexual HarassmentPromptYou argon in charge of the merciful resources division of a large software development troupe. One of your responsibilities is to work with the comp eithers retained law firm on suits against the company by present and former employees. A former employee has just filed suit against the company and one of its supervisors for sexual anguish. The citation has been served upon the authorized agent for the company today. You imbibe also been advised today that you are going to be promoted to senior vice president in charge of software development and that the new human resources director has little experience with matters related to civil litigation. You must orient the new director to the mechanics of how a civil lawsuit works its carriage through the legal system so that she can integrate her activities with that of the law firm in defense of the newly filed suit Prepare a tercet (3) to five (5) page memo to the new director ge nerally describing the litigation process.ToManager, HR departmentFromVice PresidentDate 5/18/14Subject Litigation process for recent lawsuit of sexual badgeringOver viewThe following document is a description of sexual harassment litigation process and my proposals to create a manual policy on sexual harassment cases.The Stages of Sexual Harassment Litigation1.Beginning of Controversy and Attempts to descend Conflict Having an litigation goalThe goal of the case should be determined as early as possible, by the facts, witnesses, forum and client, because it will dictate how you will get out the litigation. For instance, if the forum, facts and client indicate that (1) summary judgment is ... ...uld establish, distribute to all employees, and enforce a policy prohibiting harassment and setting out a procedure for devising complaints. In most cases, the policy and procedure should be in writing. Small businesses may be able to discharge their responsibi lity to prevent and correct harassment through less formal means. For example, if a business is sufficiently small that the owner maintains regular contact with all employees, the owner can tell the employees at staff meetings that harassment is prohibited, that employees should report such conduct promptly, and that a complaint can be brought straight to the top. If the business conducts a prompt, thorough, and impartial investigation of any complaint that arises and undertakes swift and appropriate corrective action, it will have fulfilled its responsibility to effectively prevent and correct harassment.

Swot in China

intersectionhastakenabold,consistentstanceondeveloping in china. Carrefour is simply side stepping thelaws. SWOT analysis Carrefour in China Strength Operating localization strategy in both operation and perplexity 1. Human resource Decision-makers can make a variety of decisions which are suitable for the local conditions. 2. Purchasing a) Raw literalprocurementprocessfollowsstringentqualitychecksandcostreductionmethods. b) cutting the cost of the cost in theprocurementchannels c) increasing the competition among suppliers . operation Managers in each shop are authorized. Dont need to many levels of transmission, which to avoid the distortion and delay of the information. 4. Business model a) acrid the purchasing price, this adapts Chinas economic and market environs. b) Relatively large stores with broad non-food lines c) Store yieldings are progressing well d) High proportion of locally sourced products e) violatingthe indemnity of retail sector in china , like keeping open ing illegal shop in china Weakness 1. Bad relations with the Chinese government . Having an individual shop-management mode, Having notransparencyandpoorprojectmanagement, this reduces consumers loyalty to Carrefour. 3. The tense alliance with some suppliers, damaging Carrefours image. 4. The majority of the retailors are miniscule and medium-sized enterprises, which are lack of bargaining ability with the big companies. 5. Carrefours Own-brands dont sell well in china. 6. High entrance fee, which is not allowed in the countries which are well-developed in the retail market. Opportunity 1.Chinas accession to the WTO 2. The increase of senior personnel in the retail market 3. Withdraw from the Japanese market, and condense on China Threat 1. The Policy and economic environment in china 2. The biggest competitor Wal-Mart 3. The majority of Chinas local supermarkets 4. The markets(grocery markets) in china Expansion into the Asian market is now top priority, as it is believed that this region, especially in china, offers the largest opportunities for growth. However, there is a really big change in the Chinese market.After joining the WTO, The Chinese market is opening wider while the competition is also getting tougher. Foreign retailers need to blueprint and implement their strategies tightly according to market conditions and their firm-specific resources. Carrefour closed four stores last year. It is said their closure was all due to bad location choice and poor management. The Carrefour China press office says that Carrefour currently has 180 stores, therefore the closing down of unprofitable ones is normal and in accordance with its strategic adjustment.But i think Carrefour is now adjusting its strategy, choosing to open new stores in second and third-tier cities. And its a trend in china. The most Copernican issue is that Carrefour needs to attach importance on the relationship with customers and suppliers. Compared with Wal-Mart, Carrefour receive d more complaints from customers and suppliers, and warning from government. Although the prices of products in Carrefour are widely considered to be cheaper than Wal-Mart, the customer services are also vital for get going of a retailer.In addition, Carrefour always reaps great profits from suppliers, and hence suppliers can obtain a small profit margin. Therefore, it is dangerous for Carrefour if these suppliers leave and burst supplying in the future especially when Wal-Mart have a stronger buying power. In addition, Carrefour needs to focus on its long-term development and plan strategies to create values resources in order to achieve competitive advantages Empowered purchasing and distribution rights and management hinder the delivery quality of goods, which is critically important for retailers.In addition, Carrefour should develop advanced information systems on communicating with suppliers and stocking, which will save significant costs and benefit Carrefours stock managem ent in the long-term. Table1 Consumer Age Distribution in Hypermarkets in shanghai Age distribution Item RT-MART Century Mart tesco carrefour Wal-Mart Commodity(whether it isabundant and has acomplete range? ) 4. 15 3. 96 3. 93 4. 21 3. 55 price 3. 47 2. 22 3. 03 2. 82 2. 32 service 3. 53 3. 14 3 3. 07 2. 8 shopping environment 4. 04 4. 17 3. 83 4. 03 3. 62 shopping convenience 4. 01 3. 76 4. 01 3. 64 3. 69 staff mental outlook 3. 77 3. 59 3. 36 3. 49 3. 47 aggregation 22. 97 20. 84 21. 16 21. 26 19. 45

Disadvantages Of Esl Course Books Education Essay

ESL signifies position as a Second Language. ESL Course books atomic number 18 books that instructors use to help them in the direction of the English Language in schools and establishments. These books are normally used as they prepare learning English remarkably easy- instructor uses them to plug for category, they are visually appealing with images and illustrations. They besides fit good with school timet sufficients. They were designed for pupils of all degrees and ages. In line with Cheung and Wong ( Cheng and Wong, 2002 ) , the cardinal dominion of an academic course of study should be targeted at developing pupils rational abilities in capable survey countries that are deemed approximately worthy. ESL class books have their advantages and disadvantages.AdvantagesThe premier(prenominal) advantage is that the class books develop with a set of achievement ends that are clearly set. They tell the scholar what he or she will be able to make on completion of a class, and w hat to anticipate. The 2nd advantage is that when utilizing the class books, the genres and subjects are structured such that they cover the four accomplishment countries of adaptation, composing, speech production, and listening. This greatly eases the load off the instructor of holding to fix to turn to those countries. The class books besides assist inexperient instructors as they have ready-made activities and they assist such instructors to fix for categories.DisadvantagesSeveral jobs and issues have come up such as insistent activities, uninteresting subjects, and un bear upon linguistic communication exposure. Many of the activities in the class books come as question and reply subdivisions. After making it several times, there is a likeliness that the pupils will get down happening the lessons drilling and uninteresting. In add-on, the construe subdivisions in the class book tend to be comparatively short. Therefore, they fail to be effectual in assisting pupils develop t hat constituent of the accomplishment countries. The reading forget besides tends non to be disputing adequate for scholars, and the scholars end up non profiting from analyzing the class books. If non checked, such issues can stop up impacting a pupil s overall public presentation in the English linguistic communication.SolutionsOne solution is the add-on of outside reading stuffs to the course of study to supplement the class books. This would make full in the spread for the countries that the class books have non covered. Another solution would be to increase the reading stuff in the class books. The encouragement of lit reading even outside the schoolroom would besides be a solution. It is confirmed that a great wealth of vocabulary and excellence in grammar is learnt done the reading of literature.How is this statement right?ESL class books have been an huge aid to the instruction sector. They have eased the work of the instructors well. Before, doing of the lessons and stuf f to be studied rest entirely on the shoulders of the instructors. Now, the instructors can utilize these text editions to help them to fix for the categories the instructor can besides take to utilize the books sometimes, as they come perfectly planned with most of the stuff needed for each lesson. The above statement recognizes this. The statement is right in the manner it honestly examines the advantages and disadvantages of ESL class books without prejudice. The weightiness of the advantages compares to the weight of the disadvantages. A right representation of the value and worth of the ESL class books is shown ( Kayapinar, 2009 ) . An accurate representation of the advantages that the ESL books bring is put away, backed by believable resources like Kayapinar s Course book Evaluations by English Teachers . An accurate representation of the disadvantages is besides put away, backed by believable beginnings, as Harmer s How to Teach English ( Harmer, 2007 ) . In the solution s, a right decision is made that the books are a valuable but a slightly unequal beginning of information and stuff therefore, the solution to add extra reading stuff to the course of study, was sound.How the statement is incorrect?Harmonizing to the statement, instructors are depending on the ESL class books far excessively much. The work of instruction has been taken from the instructors and set on the class books, which is non the manner it is supposed to be. The instructor is supposed to hold a bulk of the stuff needed to be taught in school the books should merely supplement their stuff. Another manner that the statement is incorrect is in the manner it emphasizes the insufficiency of the class books. The books are seen to be missing disputing stuff, equal reading stuff, and are said to be dull. Alternatively of looking for extra text editions, they can see refashioning the class books and make fulling them with the stuff that would be most utile to the instructors and pupils .The statement is besides incorrect in the manner it accommodates the indolence of pupils. The pupils have no right to acquire bored of the class books. They are non in the schoolrooms to be entertained, but to analyze. The duty of acquisition should be put back where it belongs on the shoulders of the pupils. They should take the enterprise in the acquisition procedure, transfusing within them, a self-driven proclivity to stand out. That manner, if the class books go unequal, they will take the enterprise of looking for extra information from other books and diaries. This would significantly ease the work of the instructors, every pungency good.DecisionThe class books have been of enormous aid in the instruction sector. The best thing to make would be to hone them and add the relevant reading stuff to them. Still, pupils should take duty over their surveies, and that manner they will assist the instructors assist them even more.

Socrates vs Thrasymachus

Any arguing relies upon some fundamental agreement about the disregard being discussed. However bully the divide in opinion may be, there must exist at least some similarity in the personaicipants domainner of pick uping the issue if a solution is ever to be reached. Book One of Platos Republic features a disagreement mingled with Socrates and Thrasymachus about the nature of stillice. The disaccord between their views of the subject is extremely pronounced, but there are certain underlying agreements which guide the course of the debate.One way to evaluate the validity of the arguments involved is to examine whether the assumptions at the root of the argument are in accord with this gross ground. By my reading of the dialogue, Socrates reply to the first p graphicswork of Thrasymachus interpretation of justice rests safely upon this common ground, whereas his answer to Thrasymachus second comment moves away from this mutually acceptable base, and is injured as a result. I n exploring this topic, I intend to examine briefly Thrasymachus two-part definition of justice.For each of these parts I allow for evaluate one Socratic response and discuss it from the perspective of the craftsman analogy an analogy which is initially utilise by common consent, but which Socrates adapts until its original usage almost disappears. Thrasymachus first definition of justice is easy to state, but it is non so immediately actualise how it is to be interpreted. Justice, he claims, is the advantage of the stronger. On its accept, such a sentence could imply that what is beneficial to the stronger is just for and therefore, beneficial to the weaker, and Socrates accordingly asks whether this understanding is accurate.Thrasymachus promptly responds in the negative. The interpretation he proceeds to expound upon can be summed up by adapting slightly his original definition justice is that which obtains the advantage of the stronger. To support this definition, he point s to the example of ruling a city. Any ruling class will fashion the laws of the commonwealth with a view to its own benefit, he asserts. Since it is just to obey the law, those who be deem justly will be acting for the advantage of the swayers (whom Thrasymachus interchangeably terms the stronger).Socrates makes his first objection at this moment, but I will brood this here only incidentally merely insofar as it allows us to see why Thrasymachus introduces the craftsman analogy. Socrates objects that rulers are, as humans, bound to make mistakes to confuse their wrong with their advantage on occasion. In this case just obedience to laws would work to the rulers disadvantage. Thrasymachus responds promptly, saying that a man who makes a mistake in ruling is not at that moment a ruler in the strict sense, and introduces the craftsman analogy to support this idea.Insofar as a man is a craftsman, he will not make any mistakes mistakes are rooted in ignorance, and so can only occur when a mans knowledge of his craft is incomplete. The quandary which Socrates introduces is thus avoided by Thrasymachus qualification that errors are never made by rulers as rulers. Though the analogy works at first to Thrasymachus advantage, Socrates promptly turns it against him in a new objection. All arts, he asserts, are exercised with a view to the benefit of the subject rather than to the benefit of the artisan.The remedy employs his medical art for the betterment of the patient, the pilot navigates for the safety of the ship and the sailors, and so forth. Like Thrasymachus, he identifies ruling as an art, and claims that ruling also is exercised with a view to the subjects benefit. Throughout the argument, Thrasymachus passively assents to Socrates individual points. But as we shall see later, he rejects the conclusion drawn from these. From an objective viewpoint, one immediately questionable aspect of this argument is Socrates idea that ruling is an art in the same sense that medicine and navigation are arts.Despite its potential weakness however, Socrates use of the analogy is the one part of the argument which Thrasymachus cannot question without bringing Socrates first objection once again into dispute. Thus this definition of ruling forms some part of the common ground I have precedingly mentioned. Although an objection such as this may affect the objective validity of the argument, it is all-important(a) to keep in mind the fact that Socrates is not attempting to create an incontestable definition of justice at this point.He is merely answering an invalid argument by demonstrating its weaknesses in terms which correspond to Thrasymachus perspective. Agitated by Socrates line of reasoning, Thrasymachus proceeds to blurt out a revised version of his original statement. Thrasymachus claims that injustice is freer and stronger than justice and that it results in a happier life. As in the creator definition, he does not consider so much what jus tice is as what it does he rates the subject in regards to its advantageousness or lack thereof. Essentially, this definition is an extreme extension of the previous one.Also, the example he uses for support that of a tyrant made powerful and thus happy through injustice hearkens mainstay to his initial definition as ruling being the advantage of the stronger. It is clear that Thrasymachus has not been convinced by Socrates last argument, despite his apparent agreement with Socrates points. He is arguing in different terms, but in actual substance this new development is little more than a bare contradiction of Socrates previous argument. He still supposes that the unjust will have the advantage, and does no more than give new evidence to support this view.He essentially declares You say that the proper ruler will consider the benefit of his subjects and thus act justly. I say that injustice leads to a happy life and that craftsmen do aim at their own advantage. Whereas the weak nesses in Socrates previously discussed arguments are more or less excusable, there are several factors in his next argument which make it very controversial. In opening this argument, Socrates asks whether a just man will want to overreach and surpass other just men. The two debaters agree that a just man will deem it proper to surpass the unjust man, but that he will not want to surpass his fellow just man.The unjust man, on the other hand, will want to surpass and get the better of everyone. Now Socrates proceeds to use the craftsman analogy to illustrate his case. With this case Socrates attempts to prove that those who gauge to overreach their like are bad craftsmen. Returning to the specific example of the doctor, he observes that a medical man will not endeavor to scale another physician, but will want to outdo the non-physician. One flaw seems to appear at this point in the argument. Socrates, it would seem, has left no place in this for simple ambition here.If the first h alf of this analogy is reliable, there is no room for an artist to advance and improve his craft in a just manner, because unless he is unjust, he will not have any ambition to surpass his fellow artists. However this can be answered by a stare back at Thrasymachus concept of the artisan in the strict sense. No one is an artisan insofar as he is in error, so the unfeigned artist will be unable to surpass another true artist ideally, the artist, insofar as he is an artist, will already exercise his art faultlessly.Socrates completes this argument by saying that the one who tries to overreach the artist can not have true knowledge of the craft. In other words, true artists will be able to identify one another and to recognize the impossibility of surpassing each other. Since the one who wants to surpass everyone in a specific art must not be an artisan, he is ignorant of this art. Thus, Socrates claims, the unjust man is really ignorant and therefore weak and bad. There is a marke d sign between this use of the craftsman analogy and former uses. Previously the analogy was used in reference to the craft of ruling.This was legitimate in the context earlier because Thrasymachus agreed to this use. Now however, the subject of the analogy is not ruling, but justice. Thrasymachus never explicitly agrees to this switch, and thus when it is made, the analogy no longer rests safely upon the common ground. It is no longer an example accepted by both parties and so its sole justification would have to rest on an objective view of the argument. So we have another important question to examine. That is, can justice be rightly considered a craft? Even if it can in a vague sense, would it be properly analogous to other crafts like medicine or navigation?There are reasons to support a negative answer to this query. For one thing, it could be argued that justice is more a manner of acting, rather than a craft in its own right. Whereas it is nonsensical to say that one can, for example, read a handwriting medicinally, or in a navigating manner (except perhaps as a figure of speech), one can exercise a craft or fulfil any action either justly or unjustly. Justice is more easily considered a measure of how well an action is performed than the action itself. The most important thing to note here is that Socrates has moved away from the common ground which has previously supported the argument.Before, the question of whether Socrates examples are objectively valid was not so crucial from one viewpoint. As long as Socrates was trying to demonstrate the illogicalities within Thrasymachus position, there was much to gain from arguments based on Thrasymachus premises, whether the premises were true or not. For this last argument, however, Socrates does not base his argument on these guides, but preserves the form of the craftsman analogy while changing it substantially. Thus this position argument suffers and is at least of questionable efficacy.

Cake Making

The Event The mixer beats the egg yolks in a spiral motion, as the sugar is being added to the pelt. due(p) to the fat content of the egg yolks, the yolks are isolated from the egg whites to avoid the deflation in the rising of the whites. Two separate batters consisting of the egg whites which were whisked until it became frothy and the egg yolks were thusly(prenominal) mixed together with butter using a spatula in folding motion. After which a sifter was used to add the flour and the coffee berry powder into the assortment while it was being whisked in the mixer.The oven was pre-heated to a temperature of 175F. The link upd batter was then poured into a buttered spring-form pan which had been smoothly brushed with butter to avoid having the batter marijuana cigarette to the pan. The batter slowly started to solidify and rise higher. The point at which the ginmill starts to become golden in color is the sign to get the cake fall out of oven, since it is completely baked. Alongside, the juice of the cherries was being drained and the whipped cream was mixed with the vanilla sugar to form the blobs on the surface of the cake.The chocolate was separately being melt down to get the icing ready. The melted chocolate was allowed to placid down and then started the process of assembling the cake. The Process The success of the cake depends on the measurements used for the ingredients. The measurements ask should be taken carefully to prevent flaws in the outcome of the cake. If for any reason there is a mistake in the measurement of one or more of the ingredients, this may result in batter being too parched or too soggy. In which case, the batter ordain non be able to bake properly.The perfect outcome of the grub of the cake depends on the uniformity and width of the batter, which will only be precise if the ingredients are short measured. It is preferable to melt the butter first and then pour the egg mixture into the pan because it becomes easier for the baker to smoothly fold the mixture with the other ingredients or else the mixture could stick to the pan and negatively affect the rising of the cake. Using a sifter to add in the dry ingredients such as the flour and cocoa powder, will control the amount of air that is in the batter, which is crucial in order to achieve the lightness of the mop.Also, to achieve the perfect golden color of the sponge and the lightness, the heat of the oven should be set at a perfect temperature. While preparing the batter, the oven must be pre-heated to a temperature of 175F. To be totally ascertained that the sponge has cooked completely, a knife is popped in the centre of the cake, if it comes out without any batter stuck to it that means the sponge is baked and ready to be decorated. The sponge is then cut into common chord layers. The bottom two layers are sprinkled with kirsch and whipped cream mixed with vanilla sugar.Dried cherries are evenly placed on the whipped cream. The side of the top layer of the cake is then covered with the whipped cream and the surface is coated with chocolate icing. Finally, the blobs of whipped cream are evenly placed on the icing and a cherry is placed on each blob. The Procedure The baker must have all ingredients measured and ready prior to the baking to ease the process of making the cake. He will then melt the butter in a pan and add the egg mixtures to it by carefully folding it with a spatula to stop the negative core on the rising of the sponge.The baker will then make use of a sifter to add in the flour and the cocoa powder into the batter and combine the above mentioned dry ingredients. Then, he will pour the combined mixture in a buttered spring-form pan. Then, he will place the pan in the oven, which has been preheated at a temperature of 175F. After the cake is done, the baker will take it out and insert a knife in the sponge to test whether or not the batter has baked thoroughly, if the knife comes out without any ba tter stuck to it, then the cake is ready to be decorated.The baker will then cut the sponge into three layers and then place kirsch on the bottom layer. Spread the whipped cream mixed with vanilla sugar and place cherries on it and repeat the process with the mall layer. The sides of the top layer are then covered with the whipped cream mix and the surface has chocolate icing applied on it. Then the whipped cream blobs with cherries on top are made on the surface to make it look pretty. The cake is then ready to be served. Ingredients -butter -175 g sugar 6 eggs 145 g flour 40 g margarine 35 g cocoa powder 1 jar of cherries 2 tbs potato amylum 3 tbs sugar 7 tbs kirsch 500 ml whipping cream 100 g chocolate confetti 75 g chocolate 8 g vanilla sugar (1 packing) Instructions 1. Preheat the oven at 175 C. 2. Sift the flour together with the cocoa powder. 3. Stir the sugar and the eggs with a mixer. 4. prevail the butter in a little pan. Pour the butter to the egg mixture an d fold it softly with a spatula. Add the flour and fold it over again until you get a smooth mixture.Pour the batter into a buttered spring-form pan. 5. Place the spring-form in the middle of the oven. 6. Bake the cake for 45 minutes. 7. Take it out of the oven, let it cool down and turn it around. 8. Cut the cake horizontally into three layers. 9. Sprinkle these layers with kirsch (6 tbs in total). Drain the cherries and keep the juice. Bring the juice to the boil. Add the potato stiffen and keep on stirring to mix it. Add 3 tbs sugar, the drained cherries and 1 tbs kirsch to the juice. 10. Beat the whipping cream with the vanilla sugar.Cover the lowest layer of the cake with half the cherries and one-third of the whipped cream. Add the second layer. Cover it with the remaining cherries and the whipped cream. Add the third layer. Spread the side of the cake with the remaining whipped cream. 11. Melt the chocolate on a low fire. Let it cool down. Reheat the chocolate until 37C (99 F). Top the cake with the chocolate icing. 12. Cover the side of the cake with chocolate confetti. 13. Put blobs of whipped cream on the cake and put a cherry on each blob.